ORIGINAL PAPER
Comparative Analysis of Requirements for Recycled Wood Oversight in Wood-Based Panel Production
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Faculty of Engineering Management, Poznań University of Technology, Poland
These authors had equal contribution to this work
Submission date: 2025-09-30
Final revision date: 2025-12-17
Acceptance date: 2026-01-02
Online publication date: 2026-04-10
Corresponding author
Fryderyk Wachowiak
Faculty of Engineering Management, Poznań University of Technology, Rychlewskiego 2, 60-965, Poznan, Poland
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ABSTRACT
This article presents a comparative analysis of the requirements for overseeing recycled wood used as raw material in the production of wood-based panels. It covers three key normative documents: the German AltholzV regulation (2002/2022), Italian national standard UNI 11951 (2024), and IKEA corporate specification IOS-MAT-0010 (2025). Distinctions were observed in the regulatory status and functional scope of these documents. AltholzV constitutes a legally mandated regulatory instrument, whereas UNI 11951 represents a voluntary industry standard, and IOS-MAT-0010 functions as a corporation-specific supply chain specification. The AltholzV framework establishes a classification system for waste wood based on contaminant profiles, thereby determining appropriate recovery pathways—specifically distinguishing between material recycling and energy recovery applications. In contrast, UNI 11951 outlines the technical requirements and operational procedures governing the use of pre-consumer and post-consumer recovered wood in the manufacture of wood-based panel products. IOS-MAT-0010 is designed to ensure chemical safety and regulatory compliance by controlling potentially hazardous substances, including heavy metals, biocides, flame retardants, and formaldehyde emissions in finished products. These regulations are not harmonized. The results indicate that to operate effectively in diverse markets, manufacturers must implement an integrated oversight system that combines the most stringent requirements of legal regulations (AltholzV), industry standards (UNI 11951), and corporate specifications (IOS-MAT-0010). This approach helps avoid sanctions, customer loss, and additional costs. The study's conclusions also highlight the need to harmonize AltholzV, UNI 11951, and IOS-MAT-0010 to simplify the procedures and reduce the administrative burden for manufacturers.